问题学生失范行为的社会学分析

A Sociological Analysis on Misbehavior of the Problem Students

问题学生一直是我国基础教育中一个备受关注的问题。本文从社会学的角度出发，对问题学生的概念进行了新的分析与界定，继而从默顿的手段目标说、社会位移的失谐、同辈群体的负功能和家庭背景的不良影响四个方面对问题学生的失范行为进行了阐释。于此基础上，提出了改进问题学生失范行为的两点策略，即通过创设健康向上的同辈文化以及宣扬积极的重要他人，以期能够促进教育界人士和家长形成对问题学生及其行为的科学、合理、深入的认识。

Problem students has always been a major concern. From the sociological point of view, I give a new analysis and definition of the problem students, then explain the misbehavior in the goal and means of Merton, disharmonization of the boundary crossings, negative function about peers and the adverse effect of family background. On the basis, I have two suggestions for improvement, setting up healthy peers culture and advocating the positive significant others, in order to let us have a scientific, rational and in-depth understanding on problem students.