肾内科住院患者院内深部真菌感染的相关因素分析

Nosocomial Deep Fungal Infection and Risk Factors among Inpatients of Nephrology Department

目的探讨肾内科住院患者院内深部真菌感染的临床特征及相关因素,为更好地防治肾内科住院患者院内深部真菌感染提供借鉴。方法对肾内科近1年出院的1000例患者的住院资料进行回顾性分析,有院内深部真菌感染的病例为感染组(A组),无院内深部真菌感染的病例为非感染组(B组),比较两组患者相关因素。结果肾内科住院患者院内深部真菌感染的发生率为2.3%;感染部位依次为:呼吸道(67.3%)、泌尿道(21.2%)和胃肠道(11.5%);A组患者中糖尿病所占比率、平均年龄、使用抗菌药物、肾上腺糖皮质激素及免疫抑制剂的人均天数、透析患者所占比例均高于B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);而患者的血红蛋白、血清白蛋白水平均低于B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者平均住院时间、进行有创检查的人均次数等差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论肾内科住院患者院内深部真菌感染发生率较高;尤以呼吸道易感染;糖尿病、高龄、长时间使用抗菌药物、肾上腺糖皮质激素、免疫抑制剂、营养不良、透析等均会增加肾内科住院患者院内深部真菌感染。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the deep fungal infection and the related factors among inpatients of nephrology department. METHODS A total of 1000 patients in nephrology department were collected. All the patients were divided into group A （with nosocomial deep fungal infection）and group B（without nosocomial deep fungal infection）. The data about the age, disease, hemoglobin albumin and were collected. RESULTS The deep fungal infection rate among inpatients of nephrology department was 2.3 %. The main infection site was the lungs. The rate of diabetic nephrosis（DN）, rate of dialysis patients, average age, time of using antibiotics in group A was higher than that in group B, while the hemoglobin and albumin levels were lower than those in group B. The average hospitalization time showed no difference. CONCLUSIONS There is higher deep fungal infection rate among inpatients of nephrology edpartment. The diabetes, anemia, lower serum albumin, old age, long antibiotics usage, dialysis etc. are the risk factors.