家庭老年鼻饲患者肺部感染的调查分析

Lung Infection in Aged Patients with Gastrogavage at Home

目的探讨家庭老年鼻饲患者肺部感染的原因及预防。方法调查近3年出院的108例家庭老年鼻饲患者现状,对肺部感染发生情况进行分析。结果108例家庭老年鼻饲患者发生各种感染83例,其中69例发生肺部感染,占感染的83.13%;因误吸、胃→咽部→下呼吸道逆行感染的发病率增加是发生肺部感染的主要原因,家庭老年鼻饲患者机体抵抗力低下、受凉感冒、更换胃管不及时也是发生肺部感染的相关因素。结论加强对家庭老年鼻饲患者呼吸道感染的预防控制、增加营养摄入、及时更换胃管、加强预防误吸的健康宣教,可以降低肺部感染的发生率,促进患者康复。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the cause and and prevention experience of lung infection in the aged patients with gastrogavage at home. METHODS Retrospective analysis of lung infection was proceeded in 108 aged patients with gastrogavage at home during three years. RESULTS Among 108 patients with gastrogavage at home 83 patients developed infection in which 69 patients developed lung infection. For the aged patients with gastrogavage at home, inspiration and increasing incidence of retrograde infection from stomach to pharynx and lower respiratory tract were the main causes in developing lung infection. Moreover the lower immunity status, catching cold, changing the stomach tube not on time were the related risk factors in developing lung infection. CONCLUSIONS Enhancing the prevention of respiratory tract infection, increasing the nutrition, changing the stomach tube in time and prevention education would effectively decrease the incidence of infection and enhance the rehabilitation.