神经外科医院感染常见病原菌耐药性调查

Antibiotic Resistance of Commonly Encountered Pathogens in Neurosurgery Hospital Infection

目的了解医院神经外科医院感染的常见病原菌种类及对抗菌药物的耐药率,以便指导用药。方法采集2005年6月-2007年6月临床标本做细菌培养及药敏试验并统计处理数据。结果感染的病原菌以G-杆菌为主(83.1%),主要是肺炎克雷伯菌(25.0%)、大肠埃希菌(19.1%)、鲍氏不动杆菌(10.3%),这3种病原菌对常用抗菌药物耐药情况严重,且多数对>8种抗菌药物同时耐药;亚胺培南和氧氟沙星仍保持最高抗菌活性,病原菌的耐药率分别为6.8%和32.4%。结论神经外科医院感染的病原菌绝大多数为具有多药耐药性的G-杆菌,抗菌药物的选择依赖于药敏试验;控制三代头孢菌素的预防用药、加强环境微生物监测、重视医务人员手的清洁消毒,是感染防范干预的重点。

OBJECTIVE To find out the main commonly encountered pathogen and antibiotic resistance in hospital infection in Department of Neurosurgery. METHODS Clinic samples from Jun 2005 to Jun 2007 were collected and drug sensitive test was taken. RESULTS The most commonly encountered pathogens of infection were Gramnegative bacilli（83.1 % ） , including Klebsiella pneumoniae （25.0 % ）, Escherichia coil （19. 1 % ） , and Acinetobacter baumannii（10. 3%）. The three kinds of pathogens had heavy resistance to at least 8 kinds of antibiotics. The resistance rates to imipenem and ofloxacin were the lowest （6.8% and 32.4%）. CONCLUSIONS The pathogens isolated from Departmentof Neurosurgery are Gram-negative bacilli which have multiple antibiotic resistance. The key prevention measures of infection are to control prophylatcic usage of the third generation cephalosporins, strengthen environmental microbial monitoring, hand sterilization and cleaning among the medical staff.