利益视角下的公共政策过程分析

Process Analysis of the Public Policy from the Interest Aspects

公共政策是以政府为核心的政策主体依据特定时期的目标,通过对社会中多元利益主体的各种利益矛盾进行协调、对各种利益诉求进行选择与整合,在追求有效增进与公平分配社会利益、实现利益平衡与和谐的过程中所制定的行为准则。利益视角下的公共政策过程,从政策客体维度看,主要是利益剥夺、利益觉醒、利益需求、利益表达与诉求、利益综合到利益实现程度的过程;从政策制定主体维度看,就是协调利益冲突、利益选择、利益整合、利益分配和利益增进,最终达到利益平衡的过程。对政策过程进行利益分析有利于把握公共政策的实质与内核。

The public policy is the behavior guideline instituted during the process of pursuing after effectively promoting and equally distributing the social interest to achieve the interest balance and harmony, which puts the government as the core main body. Based on the aims in specific period, the public policy is used to coordinate the various interest conflicts among the various bodies with multi - interests and works as the basic principle to select and combine the various interest appeals. The public policy process from interest aspects can be analyzed in two dimensions. From the aspect of policy object, the public policy process is mainly the process of interest deprivation, interest awareness, interest demand, interest expression and ap- peals, interest integration and the realization extent of the interest. From the aspect of main body establishing policy, the public policy process is mainly the process of coordinating the interest conflicts, interest selection, integration, distribution and promotion in order to achieve the interest harmony and balance. The policy process analysis from the interest aspects is helpful to hold the essence and kernel of the public policy.