不同纬度大豆品种光照生态特性的研究

STUDIES ON THE ECOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF PHOTOPERIOD IN SOYBEANS FROM DIFFERENT LATITUDES

采用人工控制光照法,对南自21°13′N 的广东省高州县,北到50°15′N 的黑龙江省爱辉县的24个品种进行了光照处理的试验,结果表明,大豆品种在出苗至开花日数和生育期与大豆品种的地理纬度、品种类型有关。经长光照处理的大豆品种,其生育日数随纬度的降低而增加,并且与品种出苗至开花日数呈正相关(r=0.9720)。植株高度、主茎节数和分支数与光照时数呈正相关,相关系数分别为0.9828(达到5%显著水准)和0.9436。在所有光照处理下,凡能正常成熟的大豆品种,其产量最高的处理是自然日照。

The photoperiod characteristic of 24 soybean cultivars from the southern Gaozhou County(21°13′N),Guangdong province to the northernAihui County(59°15′N),Heilongjiang province of China was studiedunder four artifically controlled photoperiods.The results showed thatthe days from emergence to flowering and the days to maturity wererelated with the original latitudes and types of the tested cultivars.The days to maturity of cultivars treated with a long-hour light inc-reased with the decrease of original latitude of the cultivars,and posi-tively correlated with the days from emergence to flowering(r=0.9720).The plant height(r=0.9828),node numbers of main stem(r=0.9436),and numbers of branches were all positively correlated with the lighttreatment hours.Among all the photoperiod treatments,the highest yieldwas obtained under the simulated natural light treatment in the culti-vars,which reached a normal maturity.