古罗马角斗体育竞技研究

A Study on the Athletics of Wrestling in Ancient Rome

古罗马人继承了希腊体育的某些元素,并在自己特殊的地理和人文环境下,孕育并发展了角斗竞技这一决斗体育形式。在异化的体育中赋予其野蛮与嗜血、观赏与娱乐、政治与战争等文化特质,成为一种血腥竞技体育文化。从角斗竞技的兴起与衰亡入手,对角斗士的界定、类型、来源、头盔、培训、观众、宿命和竞技场进行分析,对角斗竞技的特点:希腊体育的继承、罗马体育的异化、统治阶级的政治武器、世俗化的娱乐手段、频繁战争的现实表现和角斗士的抗争等6个方面进行阐述,最后归纳出角斗竞技的文化内涵及对当时社会存在的价值。

The ancient Romans have inherited some elements from Greek sports, and has nurtured and developed the sport of athletic wrestling, also a form of duel, under their peculiar geographical features and the humanity environment. Athletic wrestling has become a kind of bloody,competitive sports culture endowed by its features of barbarism and bloodsucking,admiration and entertaining,as well as politics and war in the course of dissimilated sports. Starting from the rise and fall of athletic wrestling, the authors have studied the definition, types, origin, helmet, training, audience, fate and arena of wrestling, elaborated on the six characteristics of athletic wrestling： inheritance of Greek sports, dissimilation of Roman sports, political weapon for the ruling class, secular enter raining means,realistic practice of frequent wars and the contests of wrestlers. Finally, the cultural contents of athletic wrestling and its practical values for the society of that time are summed up.