清代商人组织的概念分析--以18-19世纪重庆为例

Merchant Association as a Conceptual Tool:Chongqing's Case in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries

"行会"这一西方近代学术概念对中国商人组织历史研究具有长期的影响。中国历史上的商人组织是中国社会与文化建构的产物,反映中国社会结构演变的特定过程。本文以重庆为中心,结合巴县档案等材料,分析了重庆历史上的"行"、"帮"、"会馆"、"公所"以及神会等不同组织概念的历史内涵,提倡在中国文化与社会环境基础上理解和解释中国商人组织的制度变迁问题。

For a long time, Guild, the contemporary European academic concept, has a long-term effect on the historical studies of Chinese Merchant Associations, which were constructed on the basis of Chinese history, society and culture. This article takes the case of Baxian county to analyze the historical context of the Chinese ideas of ‘ hang’, ‘ bang’, ‘ huiguan’, ‘gongsuo’ and ‘hui, ’ etc. in the 18th and 19th centuries thus to promote a better understanding of the systematic changes for Chinese Merchant Associations under the cultural and social circumstances of China.