2007～2008年国际反刍动物营养研究进展 Ⅱ.瘤胃发酵调控

Annual Review of Ruminant Nutrition in 2007～2008 Ⅱ.Rumen Fermentation Regulation

瘤胃调控是反刍动物营养调控的重要手段,人们期望通过瘤胃调控达到提高反刍动物饲料利用效率和生产性能的目的。改变日粮精粗比例、蛋白质组成和日粮物理形态对瘤胃发酵具有不同的影响作用。添加离子载体和有机酸是控制瘤胃甲烷产气和改善瘤胃发酵的有效方法。另外,添加外源酶制剂、饲用微生物和植物提取物都能达到改善瘤胃发酵的作用。作者综述了近年来通过改变日粮、添加离子载体、酶制剂、有机酸、饲用微生物、植物提取物等手段对瘤胃进行调控的研究进展,探讨瘤胃调控目前面临的问题和对未来的展望。

Rumen regulation is one of the most important methods to improve feed efficiency and animal performance in ruminant industry. Changes of the high grain to forage rate in diet, protein composition in diet and physical state of feed effected ruminal fermentation in large extent. Supplemented with ionophores and organic acids could reduce methane production, and improve ruminal fermentation. Additionally, enzyme preparations, direct-fed microbials and extractions from plant also im- proved ruminal fermentation in different way. This paper summarized the last two years advance in rumen regulation, including diets control, supplemented with ionophores, enzyme preparations, organic acids, direct-fed microbials, extractions from plant, et al. Prospect and suggestion was referred in the end.