摘要
碳水化合物是反刍动物饲料的主要组成部分,研究碳水化合物的营养对提高反刍动物生产效率具有重要作用。近年来,根据饲料中碳水化合物各组分在瘤胃中的降解情况进行分类的方法;非结构性碳水化合物中淀粉的消化特性;结构性碳水化合物中中性洗涤纤维在饲料中的含量及对消化的影响;饲料的物理特性对瘤胃发酵的影响;碳水化合物需要量的指标;碳水化合物饲料原料的开发和利用方面都有较多研究。作者综述了饲料中碳水化合物的组成,结构性和非结构性碳水化合物的营养,碳水化合物的物理特性与营养,反刍动物的碳水化合物需要量,奶牛、肉牛及其他反刍动物饲料原料的研究进展。今后,将利用分子生物学技术在碳水化合物的生理功能、作用机理、调控机制及体内的代谢途径等方面进行深入的研究,而且也将在饲料资源利用效果方面进行多方面研究。
To improve the production efficiency of ruminants, it is important to study nourishment of carbohydrate for rumi- nal animals because there is above 70% carbohydrate in thier diets. In recent years, the studies of ruminal animal nutrition on carbohydrate focused on the classification of carbohydrate according to the degradation situation of feed in the rumen, the diges- tion characteristic of starch, the effect of neutral detergent fiber contained and diets components on feed digestion, the effect of feed physical characteristic on the ruminal fermentation, the requirements of carbohydrate for ruminal animals, the development and utilization of carbohydrate feed sources. This article reviewed the classification of carbohydrate in feed, the nutrition of nostructure carbohydrate and structure carbohydrate, the nutrition of carbohydrate relating with physical property, the requirement of carbohydrate for ruminants, the research and development of raw material for cow, beef cattle and other ruminal animals. In the future, there will be more researches focusing on to study the carbohydrate physiological function, action mechanism, regulative mechanism, metabolic pathways and so on by using the molecular biology technology. There will also be various researches on learning the effect of new carbohydrate feed resources feed with ruminal animals.
出处
《中国畜牧兽医》
CAS
北大核心
2009年第2期5-13,共9页
China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine
基金
十一五国家奶业科技支撑计划(2006BAD04A14,2006BAD04A10)
