植物线粒体中活性氧的产生及其抗氧化系统

Production of ROS and its antioxidant system in plant mitochondria

线粒体是活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)产生的主要器官之一,而ROS在植物的生长发育和胁迫响应中具有重要作用。一方面ROS作为信号分子介导植物对各种外界刺激产生胁迫响应,另一方面作为强氧化剂攻击植物体内的细胞膜或大分子物质。为了维持线粒体内ROS的动态平衡,严格控制其产生是必要的。该文综述了植物线粒体中活性氧的产生机制和途径,以及线粒体对活性氧的防御系统,包括氧化前防御和氧化后防御机制,为今后该领域的研究奠定基础。

Mitochondria is one of the major organelle generating reactive oxygen species （ROS） and ROS plays a prominent role in the plant development and stress response, putatively acting as both cellular signaling molecules to mediate various responses and direct oxidants to damage cell membranes or macromolecules. So the generation of ROS needs to be tightly controlled to keep the balance in mitochondria. This article reviews the mechanisms and pathways for ROS production as well as defensive systems in plant mitochondria, including avoidance defense and antioxidant defense, and provides perspective for future research in this area.