广州市海珠区小学生伤害的流行病学特征

Epidemiological Features of Injuries among Primary Schools Students in Haizhu District of Guangzhou City

目的了解广州市海珠区小学生伤害现状,发生原因及影响因素。方法2007年5月采用整群抽样的方法对该区13所小学6～14岁小学生一年中伤害发生情况进行流行病学特征分析。结果海珠区小学生伤害年发生率为50.26%,男生(52.39%)高于女生(47.77%);前5位伤害依次为:跌伤(33.32%)、打碰伤类(20.97%)、骨头卡喉(14.04%)、交通伤害(13.22%)及烧伤或烫伤(10.21%)。结论小学生伤害发生率随着年龄增长有升高趋势;各类不同伤害受伤原因不同,伤害受其父母教育程度及职业和是否为独生子女等多种因素影响。

[Objective] To understand the injury status, the cause and influencing factors among primary school students in Haizhu district. [Methods] A cluster sampling study was adopted to conduct epidemiological feature analysis on the injuries of students of 6 -19 years old from 13 primary schools in May 2007. [Results] Total incidence rate of injuries was 50.26%, male （52.39%） was higher than female （47.77%）. The first 5 causes were falling （33.32%） , kinds of bunging up and bumping （20.97%）, throat injuring by sharp bone blocks （14.04%）, traffic accidents （13.22%） burning （10.21%）. [Conclusion] With the age growing, the rate of injuries among students shows a decreasing trend. Different types of injuries are caused by different reasons ; it is affected by many factors such as parents＇education level and occupation, whether the only child or not. The challenge of accidental injuries in primary school students was serious. Comprehensive preventive measures should be taken actively.