一起流行性腮腺炎暴发疫情的调查与对策

Investigation and Countermeasures of An Outbreak of Mumps

目的通过对一起流行性腮腺炎暴发疫情的原因和规律进行分析,总结疫情控制的有效经验。方法采用疫情暴发时对病人的个案调查和问卷资料,对病例的三间分布特征和有关因素进行回顾性调查分析,找出疫情暴发的原因和控制的对策。结果该起疫情的暴发主要集中在一个行政村,并以该村的小学生发病占绝大多数(91.67%),从2月份到5月份,累计发病60例,主要原因是腮腺炎疫苗的接种率较低,以及当地卫生条件差,群众对本病缺乏认识,没有采取任何隔离措施。结论通过宣传教育、隔离病人、免疫预防和通风消毒等措施,疫情很快得到控制。

[Objective] To summarize the control effective experience of mumps through the analysis of the reasons and laws for the outbreak of mumps. [Methods] Case and questionnaire survey were adopted to conducted retrospective analysis including distribution of time, region and population and related factors to find out the reasons and control measures for the outbreak. [ Results ] The outbreak mainly concentrated in an administrative village, and occupied the majority by this village＇s elementary student （91.67%）, from February to May, the accumulation is 60 cases. The primary cause is low vaccination coverage, poor local sanitation, lack of understanding of the disease and no measures of isolation. [Conclusion ] Through the public education, the patient isolation, the immunization, ventilation and disinfection measures, the epidemic has been under control soon.