藏族牧区寄宿制学校学生及家庭成员乙肝健康教育现状调查分析

The Status Survey of Hepatitis B Virus Health Education Among Lodging School Students and Family Members in Tibetan Grazing District

目的了解藏族牧区寄宿制学校学生及家庭成员乙肝健康教育现状,为开展广泛的健康教育提供对策。方法采用统一问卷对学生和家庭成员进行调查。结果藏族牧区寄宿制学校学生和家庭成员的乙肝疫苗全程接种率分别为1.5%和7.4%;学生乙肝知识、乙肝传播途径和乙肝预防措施的知晓率分别为41.7%、32.8%和84.0%;学生共用牙具、洗漱用具、餐具的比例分别为2.7%、56.5%和88.3%;家庭成员共用牙刷、洗漱用品、餐具的比例分别为44.8%、96.2%和98.0%。结论藏族牧区乙肝疫苗接种率低,不良的卫生习惯及行为方式及乙肝知识知晓率低,形成了学生—家庭—社会的乙肝传播链,因此加强该地区乙肝防治工作是非常迫切而必要的。

OBJECTIVE To understand health education of Hepatitis b Virus （HBV）and supply strategys in Gannan Tibetan Nationality automatic prefeture. METHODS The health knowledge level was surveyed by questionnaire. RESULTS The whole range inoculation rate of HBV vaccinum were 1.5% and 7.4% among lodging school students and family members. The students knew HBV disease, routes of transmission, prevent measures were 41.7%,32.8% and 84.0%; The objects who shared dental apparatus, wishing and gargling utensils, mess kits accouted for 2.7%, 56.5% and 88.3% among students, and 44.8%, 96.2%, 98.0% among family members. CONCLUSIONS The HBV vaccinum inoculation rate was lower, the population was lacking of HBV informations, well health habit and behavior, hence the health education was strengthened to prevent transmission.