住院早产儿疾病10年回顾性分析

Retrospective analysis of diseases in hospitalized preterm infants in the past 10 years

目的:探讨住院早产儿疾病近10年的变化趋势。方法:回顾分析1997～2006年收治的801例早产儿的临床资料,按前后5年(按出院时间分为Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组)进行对比分析。结果:Ⅱ组早产儿住院率较Ⅰ组升高(P<0.05),且小胎龄、低体重早产儿比例明显增加,而病死率Ⅱ组较Ⅰ组明显降低(P<0.01);Ⅱ组窒息、败血症和硬肿症发生率较Ⅰ组有所下降(P<0.05),肺透明膜病的病死率明显降低。结论:早产儿住院率提高,尤其小胎龄、低体重早产儿比例明显增加,而病死率下降;对缺氧缺血性脑病、肺炎、黄疸等常见病仍要做好早期的干预治疗;加强对超低出生体重儿的治疗。

Objective： To explore the trend of preterm infant diseases in the past 10 years. Methods： The clinical data of 801 hospitalized preterm infants from 1997 to 2006 were reviewed . The patients were divided into group Ⅰ （1st 5 years）and group Ⅱ （2nd 5 years）. Results：The preterm infants in group Ⅱ had a higher hospitalized rate than group Ⅰ （P 〈 0.05 ） , and there was an obvious increase of preterm infants of low gestational age and low birth weight in groupⅡ. The fatality rate in group Ⅱ was obviously lower compared with that of group Ⅰ （P 〈 0.01 ） ;the occurrence of asphyxia, sepsis and scleredema decreased in group Ⅱ （P 〈 0.05 ）and the mortality of hyaline membrane disease declined significantly. Conclusions： The hospitalized rate of preterm infants is elevated, especially the preterm infants of low gestational age and low birth weight, and the total morbidity declined. Early intervention should be emphasized for common diseases such as hypoxic-ischemic eneephalopathy,pneumonia,jaundice and so on. Management for the infants with extremely low-birth-weight should be strengthened.