透骨草类药材抗炎镇痛作用的比较

COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF CHINESE DRUG TOUGUCAO ON ANTIINFLAMMATORY AND ANALGESIC EFFECTS

目的：对５种透骨草进行抗炎、镇痛作用的比较研究，为其品种整理和品质评价提供科学的方法和依据。方法：小鼠随机分组，抗炎实验用醋酸诱发小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增高和用巴豆油诱发小鼠耳肿胀，阳性对照分别为阿斯匹林组和氢化可的松组；镇痛实验采用醋酸诱发小鼠腹痛和用热板诱发小鼠足痛，阳性对照为盐酸吗啡组。结果：５种透骨草的毒性均很小，其中地构叶和角蒿的毒性最小。４种透骨草对两种疼痛模型均有镇痛作用，均能对抗醋酸诱发的小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增加，但仅地构叶对巴豆油诱发的小鼠耳肿胀有抑制作用。结论：地构叶应作为透骨草的基源品种，角蒿、凤仙花和黄花铁线莲等应分别以各自的名称入药使用。

Objective: In order to provide scientific basis for the species systematics and quality evaluation of Chinese drug Tougucao, the comparative studies on antiinflammatory and analgesic effects were carried out. Methods: The methods of the increase of blood capillary permeability of the abdominal in mice induced by injection of acetic acid and the swelling of the ear in mice caused by crotin were used for antiinflammatory experiments, aspirin and hydrocortison were respectively used as the positive control; the methods of abdominal pain in mice induced by acetic acid and WoolfeMacDonald were used for analgesic experiments, morphine hydrochloride as the positive control. Results: The five species of Tougucao, especially Speranskia tuberculata and Incarvillea sinensis have very low toxicity. Four species of Tougucao showed analgesic effects and inhibited the increase of blood capillary permeability of the abdominal induced by injection of acetic acid, but only Speranskia tuberculata showed inhibitory effect on the swelling of the ear caused by crotin. Conclusion: Speranskia tuberculata should be named as the botanical origin of Tougucao, and Incarvillea sinensis, Impatiens balsamina and Clematis intricata should be used in their respective names.