长江江苏段主要城区水源有机污染物分布研究

Study on Distribution of Organic Pollutants of Yangtze River Water in Main Cities of Jiangsu

目的掌握长江江苏段水VOCs、SVOCs含量,为制订饮水VOCs、SVOCs控制标准提供科学依据。方法于2006年4-5月调查检测长江江苏段8个主要市政自来水水源地、及镇江内江、高资镇通江河、市政自来水,采用吹扫捕集-气相色谱/质谱联用,固相微萃取-气相色谱/质谱联用检测,并对监测结果进行评价。结果本调查共检测水样品48份,检测VOCs 25项,检测出VOCs 14项;检测SVOCs 38项,检测出SVOCs计10项,其余指标低于检出限,所检测的VOCs、SVOCs指标均低于目前国家评价标准。最常被检出的VOCs为三氯甲烷、苯、甲苯、1,4-二氯苯和1,2-二氯苯5种物质,SVOCs为硝基苯、2,4-二氯苯酚、五氯酚、邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯和乐果5种物质。长江江苏段主要城市水源VOCs检测项目阳性率依次为南通>镇江、江阴两市>南京上元门>张家港>泰州>常州>南京夹江,阳性率分别为14.67%、14.00%、10.67%、8.67%、、6.00%、4.67%、3.33%。镇江段内江、高资通江河、市政自来水分别检测出VOCs 30项、18项、16项。结论长江江苏段主要市区饮用水源均有不同的VOCs、SVOCs污染物被检出,必须进一步加强对长江饮用水水源的保护。

Objective To master the concentration of volatile organic compounds （VOCs） and semi - volatile organic compounds （SVOCs） of Yangtze River water in Jiangsu Province, and to provide scientific evidence for the development of drinking water control standards of VOOs and SVOCs. Methods A survey of drinking water sources of the Yangtze River was conducted in Jiangsu in April to May, 2006. Eight locations of drinking water sources, the branch river of the Yangtze River near Zhenjiang, the river connecting with the Yangtze River at Gaozi Town, and municipal tap water were detected using strip catch collecting - unite gaseous phase chromatogram/mass spectrum and extraction little firm - unite gaseous phase chromatogram/mass spectrum, and the monitoring results were assessed. Results A total of 48 water samples were detected in this survey. There were 14 kinds of VOCs were detected among 25 items detection of VOOs in these water samples. There were 10 kinds of SVOCs were detected among 38 items detection of SVOCs in these water samples. The remaining VOCs and SVOCs were below the detection limit. The other detection results of water VOCs and svOCs indicators were lower than the national assessment standard. The most frequently detected VOCs were chloroform, benzene, toluene, 1,4 dichlorobenzene and 1,2- dichlorobenzene. The most frequently detected SVOCs were nitrobenzene, 2,4- Dichlorophenol, pentachlorophenol, phthalate （2 - ethylhexyl） esters and Rogor. The positive irate of VOOs test items was in sequence of Nantong 〉 Zhenjiang, Jiangyin 〉 Nanjing Spring Gate 〉 Zhangjiagang 〉 Taizhou 〉 Changzhou 〉 Nanjing Jiajiang, with the positive rates of 14.67%, 14.00 %, 10.67 %, 8.67%, 6.00%, 4.67%, and 3.33% respectively. There were 30 kinds of VOCs, 18 kinds of VOOs, and 16 kinds of VOOs were detected in the branch river＇of the Yangtze River near Zhenjiang, the river connecting with the Yangtze River at Gaozi Town, and municipal tap water, respectively. Conclusions There are different VOOs and SVOCs pollutants are detected in Yangtze River water of Jiangsu Province. It is necessary to further strengthen the protection of drinking water source of the Yangtze River.