深圳市宝安区1990-2007年流行性乙型脑炎流行特征分析

Analysis on Epidemic Characteristics of Epidemic Encephalitis B in Baoan District of Shenzhen

目的了解深圳市宝安区流行性乙型脑炎(乙脑)的流行情况,为乙脑的预防控制提供科学依据。方法利用传染病报告系统和乙脑监测系统报告数据,分析深圳市宝安区1990-2007年乙脑流行特征。结果深圳市宝安区1990-2007年共报告乙脑病例59例,死亡7例,乙脑年发病率为0～0.664/10万。乙脑发病集中在6-7月,占总病例数的86.40%;病例以散居儿童为主,≤9岁病例占86.40%;2003年以来的病例中66.60%的病例无免疫史或免疫史不详。结论预防控制乙脑应以抓好乙脑疫苗常规免疫接种为根本,建议每年在乙脑流行季节前开展乙脑疫苗查漏补种,重点做好农村和城郊地区的防蚊灭蚊工作,同时加强实验室监测。

Objective To understand the epidemic status of epidemic encephalitis B in Baoan District of Shenzhen, and to provide the scientific evidence for prevention and control of epidemic encephalitis B. Method The epidemic status of epidemic encephalitis B from 1990 to 2007 was analyzed by epidemic reporting system and encephalitis B monitoring system. Results There were 59 cases who suffered from encephalitis B in Baoan District of Shenzhen from 1990 to 2007, and 7 death cases occurred. The annual incidence of encephalitis B was 0-0. 664/100,000. There was a morbidity peak in June and July, which accounted for 86.40 % of the total incidence. Most of the cases were scattered children, the children aged ≤9 years accounted for 86.4 %. 66.696 of the cases had unclear or no history of immunization from 2003 to 2007. Conclusions The vaccination of encephalitis B vaccine is the key foundation to prevent and control encephalitis B. On the other hand, it is necessary to pay more attention to conducting supplementary encephalitis B immunization activities before the epidemic season of encephalitis B, killing and controlling mosquito in the country and suburb areas, and enhancing laboratory monitoring.