环境法律与环境政策的抵牾与交融——以环境侵权救济为视角

Contradiction and Coordination of Environmental Law and Environmental Policies:A Perspective of Environmental Tort Remedies

环境法律实质上仅是社会悲剧性地分配资源的一种手段,市场、习俗、惯例和政策等手段都综合参与决定了资源的分配,在环境侵权救济中,环境政策是影响环境法律的重要因素。环境政策实施对于环境法律在环境侵权救济中的影响可以分为三个层面:公共政策的演进促进环境侵权法律责任机制内在机理的更新;专门的环境政策催生新的环境法律、更新环境法律机制;地方政府对于中央环境政策再界定过程,形成了多种类型的地方环境政策,对于环境侵权救济的影响也呈现出多种形态。

In essence, environmental law is merely a means for society to tragically distribute resources, in which markets, customs, practices and policies, serving as a variety of mans, all participate. As to environmental tort remedies, policies are deemed a key factor exerting impacts upon environmental laws, and the influences are exercised mainly in three aspects： the alteration of policies urging the inner innovation of the functional structure of environmental torts law ; special environmental policies accelerating the process of law-making so as to renew the environment law institution ; the redefining, by local governments, the policies of the central government resulting in a variety of local environmental polices, consequently lending a variety of influents to environmental tort remedies.