南昌市不同企业周边重金属污染调查及评价

Survey and Evaluation of Heavy Metals Contamination around Different Enterprises in Nanchang

调查和分析了南昌市电镀、钢铁、化工三行业4个不同企业周边1 km2范围的土壤及其对应蔬菜中的重金属(Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd)含量。结果表明,4个不同企业周边均存在不同程度的土壤和蔬菜重金属污染。其中,电镀厂的污染最严重,钢铁厂次之,化工厂污染最轻。土壤Cd污染程度最高,总超标率达45.8%,最大超标倍数达62倍以上。蔬菜的Zn和Pb污染也较严重,尚不存在土壤Pb污染和蔬菜Cu污染。相关性分析结果表明,这4种重金属具有良好的同源性。

The contents of heavy metals （ Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd） in the soils and the vegetables around four different enterprises （ 1 km^2 range） in Nanchang, including galvanize, steel and chemical three types of industry, were analyzed to evaluate the status of heavy metals contamination. The results showed that the soils and vegetables around the different enterprises received various degree heavy metals contamination. The contamination of the galvanization industry and steel industry were heavier than the chemical plant. Soils were seriously polluted by Cd. There were 45.8% of the samples exceeded the standard of cadmium, and the biggest exceeding times was above 62. Meanwhile, the vegetables were heavily polluted by Zn and Pb. The soils were not yet polluted by Pb and the vegetables by Cu. The result of the correlation analysis between the four elements indicated that the homology of those four heavy metals were very well.