仿刺参耳状幼体和稚参阶段的体长遗传力估计

Heritability of early growth traits in larval and juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

采用不平衡巢式设计方法和人工授精技术,为每个雄性仿刺参配3个雌性仿刺参,每个雌性个体产生若干幼体,建立了仿刺参Apostichopus japonicus9个半同胞家系和27个全同胞家系。对仿刺参中耳幼体的27个全同胞和稚参阶段的23个全同胞幼仿刺参的体长分别进行了测量,中耳幼体阶段共测量810个个体,稚参阶段共测量640个个体,并用MTDFREML软件中的混合动物模型对其进行分析,估计仿刺参早期生长发育的遗传力。结果表明,仿刺参中耳幼体阶段的体长生长性状遗传力为0.29,稚参阶段的体长遗传力为0.49。在仿刺参的不同发育阶段其体长生长性状的遗传力属于中度遗传力范围,说明仿刺参的体长生长性状是在加性效应控制下,对仿刺参进行选择育种具有较大的遗传改良潜力,可以获得较好的选择效果。

Nine half - sib families and twenty - seven full - sib families of the sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus,were obtained using artificial fertilization of two or three females by one male by an unbalanced nest design. The body lengths of 27 full - sib families in mid - auricular larvae （810 individuals） and the body lengths of 23 full -sib families in juveniles （640 individuals） were measured statistically and heritabilities were estimated through multiple -trait derivative -free restricted maximum likelihood （MTDFREML）. There were significant differences in body length heritability estimates ranging from 0.29 ± 0.49 to 0.49 ± 0.55 for the two stages, indicating that the body length are under additive genetic control and are expected to respond to selection, potential genetic improvement for growth rate in sea cucumber.