亚麻温敏雄性不育系F_1、F_2的优势分析

Heterosis of the Thermo-Sensitivity Male-Sterile Line of Flax

通过对以温敏亚麻雄性不育系1S为母本配制的6个杂交组合F1、F2代主要农艺性状和产量性状杂种优势的测定和分析,结果表明:不同杂交组合F1、F2代在株高和工艺长度上的平均优势均表现为负向超父本优势,而各产量性状上的平均优势均表现出很强的正向超父本优势;但与F1代相比,F2代平均优势明显下降。产量性状构成因素平均优势大小顺序为:单株产量>单株果数>千粒重>每果粒数。不同组合间F1、F2代杂种优势表现差异较大,其中1S×黑亚15号组合产量性状的超父本优势最强,F1、F2代均表现出很强的杂种优势。

The heterosis of main agronomic and yield characters of F1 and F2 generations respectively from six cross combinations was analyzed. As far as the average heterosis of different cross combinations was concerned, both F1 and F2 generations expressed negative over male-parent heterosis in plant height and technical length traits, however, positive over male-parent heterosis existed obviously in yield traits, including fruits per plant, seeds per fruit, 1000-seed weight and seeds yield per plant. Compared with F1 generations, the average heterosis of F2 generations was lower. The order of heterosis is seed yield per plant 〉 fruits per plant 〉 1000-seed weight 〉 seeds per fruit. The heterosis expression of F1 and F2 generations from different cross combinations was different. The heterosis of 1S × Heiya No.15 in yield traits was the largest among the six cross combinations not only in F, generations but also in F2 generations.