小麦套种玉米平衡施肥研究初探

A Primary Research on the Balanced Fertilizer in Interplanting Corn with Wheat

通过采用"3414"完全设计方案,在小麦套种玉米的生产中对参试肥料因子N、P、K进行肥效试验,从而获得在永宁县不同等级农田种植小麦套种玉米的最高产量和最佳经济合理产量的施肥量、施肥比例、施肥时期、施肥方法。分析N、P、K三因子之间的主效因和交互效因,构建永宁县不同肥力水平农田(不同农田等级)小麦套种玉米的施肥配方,为肥料配方和推广测土配方施肥技术提供科学的依据。研究结果:该地区与该试验田肥力相当的高、中产田进行小麦套种玉米生产最高产量的施肥量;小麦玉米两作最高产量12110.1kg/hm2,每公顷应施:纯N577.4kg、P2O5127.5kg、K2O69kg。氮磷钾比例为N:P2O5:K2O=8.3;1.85:1。最经济合理的产量和施肥量应该是每公顷生产12106.3kg粮食需要施纯N571.23kg、P2O5121.38kg、K2O68.6kg,氮磷钾比例为N:P2O5:K2O=8.3:1.77:1。

Use the ＂3414＂ completely design project, to test the wheat set corn planted mode of N, P, K fertilizer efficiency. Obtained the highest maize yield and the best economical production of fertilizer, the proportion of fertilizer, fertilizer application period, and the method of fertilization in different farmland grades of wheat set corn planted mode in Yongning County. Analyzed the N, P, K main factor and interaction factor to build the fertilizer formula of wheat set corn planted mode in different level of fertility farmland （different farmland level） in Yongning County, and provided a scientific basis for the fertilizer formula and soil testing fertilization technology.The results： Compared with the high-yield field and the middle field, the highest production of wheat set corn planted mode need to use fertilizer： pure N 577.4 kg, P2O5127.5 kg, K2O 69 kg per hectare, in this condition could have more than 12110.1 kg/hm^2 production. The NPK ratio were N ：P2O5：K2O =8.3：1.85：1. The most reasonable economic output and fertilizer should be 12118.4 kg production per hectare and required： pure N 571.23 kg, P205 121.38 kg, K20 68.6 kg, NPK ratio were N： P2O5：K2O = 8.3：1.77：1.