平衡施肥对大白菜产量和品质的影响

Effect of Balanced Fertilization on Yield and Quality of Chinese Cabbage

试验研究了平衡施肥对大白菜产量和品质的影响。结果表明,在CK(N15P5K10)基础上分别增施氮肥、磷肥、钾肥、硼肥、有机肥都可使大白菜产量提高5.3%～47.0%,并以施用泥炭的效果最为显著。与CK相比,仅常规施肥的大白菜硝酸盐含量降低;不同施肥处理均提高了大白菜维生素C含量,且以常规处理增幅最大,达121.9%;增施氮肥、硼肥和有机肥大白菜的氨基酸含量增加,以氮肥的效果最佳,增幅为26.4%。增施氮肥、磷肥、泥炭和菜籽粕处理的还原糖含量增加;硼肥和磷肥处理可提高大白菜的氮含量,增幅分别为10.4%和9.2%,增施磷肥提高了大白菜的含磷量,增幅为17.7%,钾肥和硼肥处理提高了大白菜的含钾量,增幅分别为6.3%和2.6%。不同肥料组合对大白菜N/P,N/K,P/K作用不一致。

A field plot experiment was carried out to study the effect of balanced fertilization on field and quality of Chinese cabbage. The results indicated that yield of Chinese cabbage was significantly increased by 5.3%-47.0% by further adding nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic fertilizers on the basis of N15P5K10. Addition of peat to Chinese cabbage produced the best. Compared with CK, nitrate nitrogen content reduced when applying conventional fertilizer. VC were all increased in different treatments, with the highest VC content by common fertilization. Amino acid were increased by increased N, B and organic fertilizers, especially by N. Soluble sugar was enhanced by N, P, peat and rapeseed meal. Application of organic fertilizer was significantly increased the N in the Chinese cabbage. The content of P increased by applying P. K was increased by adding K and B. There were different effects of different fertilization on the ratio of N/P, N/K, P/K of cabbage.