从社会排斥到融入——对民工社会融合研究范式的转变

From Social Exclusion to Harmonization——Paradigm Shift of Migrant Worker's Social Integration

对于民工的社会融入问题,国内学者多倾向于"同化论",强调外来人员对当地主流文化的认同,对原有的社会文化传统和习惯的抛弃。民工的社会融合过程是一个以城市居民为参照群体的再社会化、市民化的过程。文章认为功能主义范式的"同化论"所假设的开放的社会条件并不存在,社会排斥与对外来人员的歧视普遍存在,使得冲突论的视角对研究民工等外来人员的社会融合更有解释力。

When it comes to the problem of migrant worker＇s social integration,some scholars tend to adopt＂ assimilation theory ＂. They think that the course of migrant worker＇s social integration was the re-socialization process that migrant workers abandoned their original cultural traditions and habits, and assimilate into the dominant culture. This paper pionts out that＂assimilation theory＂ belongs to functionalist paradigm and it is based on a basic assumption, that is to say, our society was a opening society. However,the basic assumption does not exist. Social exclusion and discrimination are found everywhere. Considering the social situation that social exclusion and conflics tend to be more and more intense in China since late 1990s, this paper illustrates that the conflicualism paradigm is better than functionalist paradigm in explanatory power.