也论现代汉语的运动事件词汇化语义编码模式

On Chinese as a Satellite-framed Language

在对现代汉语运动事件词汇化语义编码模式类型的讨论中,Talmy等学者认为汉语属于卫星框架型语言,Slobin认为汉语是等分框架语言,而戴浩一等认为动趋结构当中的动趋成分才是谓语中心,因此汉语属于复杂框架语言。本文借助汉语研究的成果,从共时句式变换当中体标记的位置、轻重音的变化角度以及动趋成分的历时演变角度,考察汉语所属的运动事件成分语义编码的词汇化模式框架,认为现代汉语虽然具有路径动词但是数量有限。在汉语中大量存在的具有较强能产力的动趋成分,虽然与路径动词同形,但是与动词具有不同的语法地位,已经不再是完全动词,而是已经发生非范畴化的卫星成分,汉语在很大程度上属于卫星框架型语言。

Is Chinese a satellite-framed, verb-framed or equipolently-framed language？ This paper observes the question from both synchronic and diachronic perspectives, drawing evidence from the syntactic, phonological status of the Chinese [PATH] element known as directional verb complements （DVC） and their historical grammaticalization pro- cess. Although sharing the same forms, the [ PATH]element incorporated verbs and the DVCs enjoy different grammatical status. The DVCs are no longer verb roots but rather de-categorized satellite elements. And Chinese is largely more com- patible to be considered as a satellite framed language with the [PATH] element lexicalized in satellites.