欧盟信息通讯技术产业政策述评

A Study on EU Industrial Policy on Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Industry

作为当代高新技术产业群中最活跃、最具渗透力的部门,信息通讯技术(ICT)产业对于欧盟经济的竞争力和发展前景尤为关键,而不断提高其竞争力正是欧盟ICT产业政策的目标所在。本文旨在对欧盟层面ICT产业政策的发展、内容和效果进行分析与评价。分析表明,欧盟ICT产业政策的确取得了一些实效,但至今仍未能改变其ICT产业整体竞争力及对劳动生产率增长的贡献长期低于美国的局面。近几年来,该政策正在由分散走向整合、由专注于供给转向供求兼顾、由温和转向力度加大,这一转变能否在未来取得实效,将成为欧盟能否保持和提升经济竞争力、成功向信息社会转型的关键。另外,强调尊重欧洲基本价值观和欧洲经济社会模式使得该政策具有了典型的"欧盟特色",值得他国关注与思考。

As the most dynamic and diffusive sector in modern high-tech industries,ICT industry plays a key role for the competitiveness and prospect of the EU economy.This paper aims at analysing and evaluating the ICT industrial policy at the EU level,including its development,contents and effects.The results show that this policy has actually made some important achievements.However,it has not changed the EU's longtime lagging situation compared with the US as for the competitiveness of the entire ICT industry and its contribution to labour productivity growth.Recently,this policy is undergoing a transition from separation to integration,from focusing on supply side to the combination of both supply and demand sides and from moderate measures to strengthened regulations.Whether this transition can work well in the future determines to a great extent whether the EU can sustain and improve its economic competitiveness and successfully construct the information society.Additionally,an emphasis on respecting the European values and its economic and social model endows the policy with a typical 'EU characteristic',which deserves our attention and consideration.