黑河中游地区区域蒸散量的时间变化规律及其影响因素

The Temporal Change of Regional Evapotraspiration and the Impact Factors in Middle Stream of the Heihe River Basin

表面能量平衡系统是应用卫星对地观测的可见光、近红外和热红外波段资料,结合实测气象数据或大气模式输出数据,根据表面能量平衡原理估算不同尺度的地表大气湍流通量,从而估算地表相对蒸散的一种方法。本文将水文数据与遥感数据相结合,对张掖盆地1990-2004年间的区域蒸散量进行了估算,评价了区域蒸散的年际变化规律,并对其影响因素进行了分析。结果表明:张掖盆地的区域蒸散量呈逐年升高的趋势,这种增长趋势与黑河中游莺落峡、正义峡间的耗水量增加,张掖地区人口、GDP的增长及农田用地的增加有着良好的相关性。

Using visible and infrared satellite remote sensing data, Surface Energy Balance System （SEBS） is established based on the land surface energy balance theory and the in - situ meteorological data or the product of atmospheric numerical model to estimate land surface turbulent flux and the relative evaporation at different scales. On the basis of hydrological and remote sensing data, this research calculated the annual regional evapotranspiration （ET） of Zhangye basin in the period of 1990 - 2004. The interannual variability of the annual regional ET was assessed and the impact factors were analyzed. The result indicated that the annual regional ET of Zhangye basin increased gradually and it had good correlation with water consumption between Yingluo gorge and Zhengyi gorge in middle stream of Heihe River. The population and GDP growth and the agricultural area increasing in Zhangye basin also affected the ET change.