红小丑人工繁殖和育苗的初步研究

Artifical breeding of the anemonefish Amphiprion frenatus

为了了解红小丑鱼（Amphiprion frenatus）在人工饲养条件下繁殖和仔鱼培养的条件，采用实验生物学的方法，在严格控制的条件下培养亲鱼、胚胎和仔鱼。结果表明，红小丑每次产卵500～1100粒，为黏性卵，成片集中附着在靠近海葵的坚硬物体表面，亲鱼有护卵行为。受精卵呈长椭圆形，长径为2．6mm±0．2mm，短径为0．9mm±0．1mm，经过9～10d孵出仔鱼。初孵仔鱼平均体长3．84mm±0．21mm，对不饱和脂肪酸的依赖非常高，最好的饲喂方式是立即投喂经小球藻（Chlorellasp．）强化的褶皱臂尾轮虫（Brachionus plicatilis），密度在10个／mL左右，并保持到第7天。从第5天开始投喂经小球藻强化的卤虫（Artemia sp．）幼体。第6天进入稚鱼阶段，平均体长为6．32mm±0．32mm。到第18天，鱼苗已转入幼鱼阶段，平均体长为14．83mm±1．62mm。幼鱼期投喂用小球藻或其他单胞藻饲养了2d的小卤虫。25d后，饵料从卤虫逐渐过渡到鱼糜或虾糜。

The anemonefish Amphiprion frenatus could ovulate under captive condition. The spawning interval was 13 to 15 days, all of the spawning started about 2 hours after＇sunrise in the morning, The spawning activity lasted about an hour, and about 100 to 1 100 eggs were produced each time. The adhesion demersal eggs, which were orange and ellipsoidal, were about 2.6 mm±0.2 mm long and 0.9 mm±0.1 mm in diameter. The eggs hatched after had been incubated approximately 10 days at 26℃ and the mean total length of newly-hatched larvae was 3.84 mm± 0.21 mm. Newly-hatched larvae grew to 14.83 mm± 1.62 mm （mean total length） in 18 days. In the first 4 days of larvae rearing, rotifers were kept at a constant density of 10 individuals/mL, and from the 5th day Artemia nauplii were supplied. The water was renewed about 20% everyday. The water temperature in the culture tank ranged from 24 to 26℃ ,pH ranged from 7.8 to 8.2,salinity ranged from 30 to 32,NH4-N was less than 0. 1mg/L,and dissolved oxygen content was more than 5.8 mg/L.