2007年河南省食源性致病菌的监测结果分析

Monitoring and analysis for food-borne pathogens in Henan in 2007

目的:对食源性致病菌进行监测,了解河南省食品中食源性致病菌的污染状况及分布,并确定高危食品的种类。方法:中国疾病预防控制中心营养与食品安全所建立的全国食品污染物监测网的食源性致病菌监测部分,2007年在全省5个监测点采样并检测了九大类(生畜肉、生禽肉、动物性水产品、熟肉制品、蔬菜沙拉、面米食品、非发酵豆制品、婴儿配方奶粉、生奶与奶酪)食品,共计466份。结果:466份样品中77份检出食源性致病菌,总阳性率16.52%,其中沙门菌10.56%,单增李斯特菌3.15%,大肠杆菌O157:H70.48%,弯曲菌3.53%,副溶血性弧菌3.13%,金黄色葡萄球菌12.20%,未检出阪崎肠杆菌;九大类食品中生禽肉污染最严重,阳性率45.35%,其次是生奶与奶酪,阳性率41.18%,面米食品阳性率17.46%,生畜肉阳性率16.30%,动物性水产品阳性率9.38%,熟肉制品阳性率4.17%,蔬菜沙拉、非发酵豆制品、婴儿配方奶粉中均未检出致病菌;沙门菌血清学鉴定,分属5个群6个亚群12个血清型,排前3位的是肠炎沙门菌、沙门菌Ⅱ(4,12:z:1,7)和鼠伤寒沙门菌。结论:河南省食品食源性致病菌的污染严重,主要是沙门菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的污染,九大类食品中生禽肉和生奶与奶酪污染最严重,是重要的危险食品。

Objective：To survey the food - borne pathogens and investigate the occurrence and distributing trends of food - borne pathogens,find out food with high risk. Methods： A total of 466 samples of foods （poultry meat, Xurou, seafood animals, cooked meat products, vegetable salads, foods made of wheat flour and rice, non - fermented soy products, infant milk formulas, milk cheese）were examined for the presence of the food -borne pathogens by national active food- borne pathogens surveillance system. The samples were obtained from five surveillance points in Henan province in 2007. Results： The food - borne pathogens were detected with an overall positive rate 16.52% from 466 samples ,whereas Salmonella spp （ 10.56% ） ,Listeria monocytogens （3.15 % ）, Escherichia coli O157：H7 （0.48 % ）, Bending genus （ 3.53 % ）, Vibrio parahemolyticus （ 3. 13 % ）, Staphylococcus au- reus（ 12.20% ）. Bando kawasaki enterobacter was not detected from infant milk formulas. The most heavey contamination by the food- borne pathogens are in poultry meat （45.35%）, whearas milk cheese （41.18%）,foods made of wheat flour and rice （ 17.46% ）, X urou （ 16. 30% ）, seafood animals （9. 38 % ）, cooked meat products （4. 17 % ）. The food -borne pathogens were not detected from vegetable salads and non - fermented soy products and infant milk formulas. Salmonella strains were serotyped into 5 serum groups and 6 subgroups and 12 serotypes, top three sertypes are S. enteritidis, S. Ⅱ（ 4, 12： z： 1, 7 ） and S. typhimurium. Conclusion： Foods in Henan are heavily contamined by food - borne pathogens, especially poultry meat and milk cheese which are dangerous foods and most contamined by Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus.