滇中高原云南松林目标树优势群体的生长过程分析

Analysis on Growth of the Dominant Population of Pinus yunnanensis in Central Yunnan Plateau

通过对滇中高原云南松林分的调查以及树干解析，分析了目标树优势群体的树高、直径生长过程。结果表明：云南松生长发育过程可划分为苗木生长初期，树高速生期，直径速生期，速生后期和成熟期5个生长阶段；云南松材积生长的重要年龄阶段为15～45年，此期间应加强抚育措施，促进其快速生长；50年生云南松开始进入数量成熟阶段，可以采伐利用。云南松速生期较长，可作长轮伐期经营，是培育中大径材的理想树种。林分中云南松优势木材积生长量是平均木的3～4倍，建议引入德国近自然经营技术，将全林改造为目标树经营，大幅提高其生产效率。

This article analyzed the height and diameter growing process of the dominant population of Pinus yunnanensis in central Yunnan Plateau, based on investigation of forest stand characteristics and stem analysis. The results showed that the development of P. yunnanensis could be divided into five periods ： initial growing of seedling （5 a） ; fast growing period of height （6-10 a） ; fast growing period of diameter （11--25 a） ; late fast growing period （26-45 a） ; and mature period （ 〉 46 a）. In the fast growing period of height, the forest stands become canopy closure and growth speed of height accelerates remarkably. In the fast growing period of diameter, the diameter increment reaches the peak, implying that tending management for forest stand should be strengthened. In late fast growing period, the diameter remains strongly increasing; height continues modest grow, and stand volume increment is the maximum. The results also indicated that the fast growing period of P. yunnanensis could last 40 a, and is suitable for long-rotation management and for cultivating the large dimension timber. Within the stand of P. yunnanensis, the volume increments of the dominant trees are 3 -4 times more than that of the intermediate trees. The results of study to suggest introduce the managing technology of ＂close to nature forestry＂ from Germany to improve the stand structure and growth efficiency of P. yurmanensis.