黄河潼关汛期水沙变化周期及其趋势分析

Period and Trend Analysis of Runoff and Sediment Transport at Tongguan Station along the Middle Yellow River in Flood Season

论文以黄河中游潼关站汛期水沙序列（1952～2001年）为资料，运用小波分析方法对其进行了多时间尺度和趋势变化规律的分析。结论如下：①小波多尺度分析表明黄河中游汛期水沙具有多时间尺度变化特征，各种时间尺度在时域上分布不均匀，时间尺度不同，径流量、输沙量所处的丰枯阶段不同；②小波方差分析表明汛期径流量的变化周期主要是25年，其次是11年和3年；而汛期输沙量的变化周期主要是12年，其次是25年和5年；③趋势上，径流量的变化趋势比较复杂，在整个过程中，有升有降，而输沙量序列的整体趋势是下降的。由此可见黄河中游汛期径流量与输沙量并不是同步变化的。

This article studies the muhi-time scale and the tendency of the runoff and sediment series of Tongguan hydrometric station along the middle Yellow River in flood season from 1952 to 2001 with wavelet analysis theory. The main results are： 1 ） runoff and sediment transport are of multi-time scale change characteristic and their distribution is asymmetrical. Owing to the difference of time scale, the abundant period of time and low period of time of runoff and sediment transport are different. 2） The wavelet variance indicates that the main periods of the runoff are 25, 11 and 3 years and the main periods of the sediment transport are 12, 25 and 5 years respectively in order of importance. 3 ） The trend of runoff change is complex. In the global course, the runoff trend sometimes is ascending and sometimes is digressive. The tendency of sediment transport change is digressive in the global course. The analysis above indicates that the variations of runoff and sediment are not isochronous.