三维无线传感器网络干扰问题研究

Research on the Interference Problem of 3D Wireless Sensor Networks

干扰问题是影响传感器节点间成功通信的主要因素,如何合理地调度节点通信以减小干扰,是无线传感器网络接入层的首要任务。目前,在无线传感器网络通信协议设计中,人们通常分析网络中相邻节点间的干扰,如隐藏终端和暴露终端问题。然而,实际上非相邻节点间的干扰依然会存在。本文证明了在三维无线传感器网络中,当节点规模达到一定门限时,非相邻节点间的干扰将表现得尤为严重,以至网络无法工作。基于此,本文同时给出了适用于三维无线传感器网络的MAC接入方法。仿真表明,该方法极大地减小了网络间的干扰,保证了较高的通信成功率。

Interference is the main factor that affects the communications between the sensor nodes in wireless sensor networks （WSN）. It is important for the MAC protocol of WSN to schedule the nodes＇ communication to reduce interference. People always consider the interference due to the exposed nodes and hidden nodes when designing a MAC protocol. However, the interference outside of the communication range also affects data reception. The paper proves that the interference will be so serious in 3D WSN that the network can hardly work when the scale increases to some threshold. And the paper also gives an energy-efficient MAC protocol. Simulation results show that the protocol will greatly reduce the interference, and assure a high probability of successful communications.