紫锥菊多倍体诱导与鉴定

Induction and Identification of the Polyploid Seedlings of Echinacea purpurea

本实验以紫锥菊愈伤组织上刚分化出的不定芽为材料,用不同浓度秋水仙素溶液对其进行诱导,确定最佳处理浓度和处理时间,并对诱导的多倍体与二倍体进行形态、显微、染色体及过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性的比较鉴定。结果表明:0.025%秋水仙素浓度处理24h的诱导效果最好,诱导率达42.85%;多倍体植株叶片肥厚、根粗壮,气孔面积极显著地大于二倍体植株,染色体数从24～28条不等,CAT平均酶活性是二倍体的2.1倍。

Colchicine solution with different concentrations were used to induce the adventitious buds on Echinacea purpurea callus, and optimal treating time was studied. Comparisons of configurations, microscopic structures, chromosomes, and the catalase activities were done between the polyploid and diploid. Results showed that the best induction rate, 42.85%, is achieved at 0.025% of colchicines treatment for 24 hours. The polyploid plants have thick leaves and roots, and the stomata are considerably larger than that of the diploid plants. The number of chromosomes is between 24 to 28. The average catalase activity is 2.1 times that of the diploid.