植物花香基因工程研究进展

Research Advance in Genetic Engineering of Floral Fragrance

花香是一系列低分子量、挥发性物质的复杂混合物,由花朵释放来吸引和引导授粉的昆虫。花香在植物繁殖上具有重要作用,还能提高观赏植物和切花的审美价值。在过去的数十年里,随着生物技术的发展,有数种花香相关基因已经相继被克隆,花香物质的生物合成和代谢工程也得到了研究。本文综述了植物花香物质生物合成途径及其相关酶和基因的研究进展;探讨了基因工程调控及改良植物花香的策略;同时简要评述了花香基因工程研究的影响因素并展望了其应用前景。

Flower flagrance is a composite character that is determined by a complex mixture of low-molecular-mass volatile molecules. It is generally assumed that compounds are emitted from flowers in order to attract and guide pollinators. It plays an important role in plant propagation. It also enhances the aesthetic properties of ornamental plants and cut flowers. In the past decade, several floral fragrance related genes have been cloned; the biosynthesis and metabolic engineering of floral volatiles have been studied with the development of biotechnology. This review summarizes the biosynthesis approach of floral scent compounds and the enzymes and genes in regulation of floral fragrance, discusses the strategies of improving floral fragrance by genetic engineering. Finally, the perspectives and prospects of research on floral fragrance are presented.