人类肿瘤中RASSF1基因的作用

RASSF1 gene in human tumour

一系列肿瘤抑制基因由于内源性基因事件失活——而不是经典的突变或缺失事件导致基因功能失活逐渐增加。基因甲基化失活是可逆性的，通过启动子的高度甲基化导致基因沉默有很多潜在的临床用处，如有利于肿瘤的早期诊断、预后及治疗，这些肿瘤包括肺癌、乳癌、肾癌、胃癌、膀胱癌等。RASSF1A就属于经常因甲基化失活而不是突变失活的一类基因，而且该基因和一个哺乳动物的Ras受体有相似性。RASSFlA在体内与体外试验中均抑制肿瘤生长，更进一步支持它做为一个肿瘤抑制基因的作用。迄今为止，它已经显示出在细胞周期调节、凋亡和微管稳定方面发挥着重要的作用。本综述主要总结关于RASSF1A肿瘤抑制基因在基因结构、内源性基因失活和功能分析方面的知识及进展。

A series of gene function devitalized increase gradually because of tumor-suppressing gene endogenous deactivation while not classic mutation or absence. Unlike mutation devitalization, methylation devitalization is reversible. Gene silencing because of high methylation of promoter has many potential clinical uses. For example, it＇s in favor of early diagnosis, prognosis and therapy of tumors such as lung cancer, breast cancer, renal cancer, gastric cancer, bladder cancer and so on. RASSF1 A belongs to the gene that always due to methylafion deactivation not mutation deactivation. And this gene is similar to Ras receptor of mammalian. RASSF1 A suppressed tumor growth in vivo and in vitro. This further supports it could be one tumor-suppressing gene. It plays an important role in cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, and micropipe stabili- zation. This review mainly summarizes information and advancement about RASSF1 A tumor-suppressing gene in genetic structure, endogenous gene inactivation, and functional analysis.