论印度外资政策的演变

A Discussion on Evolution of India's Foreign Direct Investment Policy

印度被殖民的恶梦可溯源至以外资面貌出现的东印度公司。因此,独立以后的印度社会,对外资具有天然的恐惧、厌恶和抵制。但基于殖民经济的固有特色,以尼赫鲁为首的印度资产阶级统治精英认识到立即驱逐外资的可怕后果。这决定了印度对待外资的矛盾性。观察印度独立60年来的外资政策轨迹,我们可以发现印度外资政策的三大特点:实用主义;理性、务实、灵活;非意识形态性和非超国民待遇性。

India's Nightmare of being colonized can be traced back to the emergence of East Indian Company in the Sub-continent with a face of foreign capital. The Indian society, therefore, has had and continue to have a natural feeling of fear of, disgust at and resistance to foreign capital since independence. However, being aware of the inherent characteristics with the colonial economy and terrible consequences that would result from immediate expelling of foreign capital from India, the capitalist ruling elite of India headed by Jawaharlal Nehru was determined to adopt a self-contradictory policy of limiting while making use of foreign capital. Reviewing the trail of evolution of India's foreign capital policy of the 60 years since independence, we can find the three major special features of Indian foreign capital policy of being (1) pragmatist; (2) rationalist, practical and flexible; and (3) non-ideological and of non-super-national-treatment.