大学生自杀意念与心理健康水平关系调查

A correlation study on suicide ideation and mental health levels among undergraduate students

[目的]调查大学生自杀意念与心理健康水平的关系.[方法]采用多级抽样法,使用SCL-90和UPI量表对1 300名综合大学学生进行问卷调查.[结果]UPI心理问题总检出率为58.5%;大学生主要心理问题有环境适应降低、情绪消沉不稳定、自信心缺乏及人际交往障碍等.所有被调查者中有自杀意念的学生为74人(6.19%),其中29人的抑郁因子得分高于或等于3;可预测自杀意念的危险因素有抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐惧及精神病性因子.[结论]对具有抑郁、焦虑、敌对及恐惧等心理障碍表现的大学生应进行及时的心理疏导和干预,可提高大学生心理健康水平及早期预防自杀等行为.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between suicide ideation and mental health levels among undergraduate students. METHODS Stratified sampling method was used to draw 1 300 undergraduate students from one comprehensive university and questionnaire of SLSI, SCL-90 and UPI were applied to assess life stress, depression and suicide ideation of undergraduate students. RESULTS Total detective rate of mental health problems was 58.5%. Main mental health problems among undergraduate students were decreased environmental adaption, depressed and unsteady of motion, the lack of self-confident, and the human relations with obstacle. 74 （6.19%） of students had ＂suicide ideation＂ , in which 29 students＇ score of depression factor greater than or equal three. The fist factors of predicting suicide ideation was depression, anxiety, hostility, horror, and psychoticism. CONCLUSION Timely mental counseling should be provided to the undergraduate students with the symptoms of depression, anxiety, hostility and horror and this will be positive for the intervention on suicide ideation and prevention for suicide behavior.