战争风暴中灵魂的呻吟——穆旦诗歌的现代主义倾向

The Moan of Soul in the Storm of War——Modernism in Mu Dan's Poems

穆旦在民族革命战争的大合唱中,发出了自己特异的声音,在战争风暴中抒写了个体的生存体验。其创作与主流文学思潮相比,主流文学是革命古典主义-集体理性-民族的存亡-崇高的讴歌,穆旦的诗作是现代主义-个体体验-生存的意义-痛苦的拷问。其创作的现代主义意涵主要体现在:对战争的否定;对大写的我的否定;对现实的否定;以及对生命终极意义的追求。穆旦继承了国民性批判的思想,但又超越了启蒙主义。穆旦诗歌在民族革命战争的风暴中,发出了灵魂的呻吟;在革命古典主义为主旋律的时代交响曲中,奏出了现代主义的不和谐的声音。它虽然孤立、微弱,但仍然穿透时间的屏障,回旋在历史的长廊中。

Mu Dan＇s poems, describing the experience of individual survivors, were ditterent trom otners in the chorus of national revolutionary war. Compared with the mainstream literature thought, which followed a mode of revolutionary classicalism-collective logos-survival or death of the nation-lofty singing, Mu dan＇s poems were of the mode of modernism-individual experience-significance of survival-painful torture. His modernism was embodied in his denial to war, to reality, and to the capitalized self as well as in his ultimate pursuit of the significance of life. Mu succeeded the national criticism ideology and surpassed didacticism, whose poems gave deep moans of the soul in the storm of national revolutionary war. Isolated, weak, and disharmonious with the thematic revolutionary classicalism as his poems were, they still held an important position in history.