消极参与和体制外参与之思辨——以建国初期中国农民的政治参与为例

Reflection on Negative Participation and the Participation outside System——a Case Study of Chinese Farmers' Political Participation at the Initial stages of New China

消极参与是一种非良性的政治参与行为,体制外参与是一种并非依据法定程序或制度规定的非良性参与或良性参与行为。建国初期中国农民的消极参与有体制内和体制外之分,体制外参与又有非良性的消极参与和良性的积极参与之别。对于今天仍处于转型期,民主参与制度尚不健全的中国而言,应深入分析消极参与的成因,并努力将其祛除,而体制外的良性参与更要高度重视,并积极将其纳入体制内,成为制度化参与的一部分。

Negative participation is a non-benign political participation,while participation outside system is one that is not in accordance with legal process or regulation, one that can be either benign or non-benign. Chinese farmers＇ negative political participation at the initial stages of New China can be divided into one within or outside system; the latter again can be divided into a non-benign negative participation and a benign active participation. Today, when democratic participation system is still imperfect in China, we should deeply analyze the negative elements and get rid of them, and pay great attention to the benign participation outside the system,making them part of the systematic participation.