从马伯里诉麦迪逊案看美国的横向分权体制

On American horizontal division of powers through the case of Marbury v.Madison

文章通过分析马伯里诉麦迪逊案件中的权力之争来透析美国宪政体制中横向权力分配和制约机制,并客观描述了美国国家三种权力之间的冲突、互动、制约和监督。虽然美国的横向分权体制在现代成为许多国家宪政体制的范本,但是它已经产生了诸多弊病,需要理性对待分权理论指导下形成的这种分权体制。

This article analyzes the division and restriction of horizontal powers of American constitutional system through the case of Marbury v. Madison. It objectively describes the conflicting, mutual effect, checking and supervising of the three kinds of powers. Although the system of American horizontal division of powers is thought to be the typical constitutionalism model in many counties, marly problems have arisen. We must treat this system formed under the direction of the theory of separation of powers rationally.