朱彝尊诗学词学“醇雅”之辨

The Differences of ZhuYizun's "Elegant" Theory in "Shi" Poetry and in "Ci" Poetry

朱彝尊诗学和词学的核心观点虽然都是"醇雅",但在诗学和词学里的体现各不相同。诗学里的"醇雅"包括功能论上的言志抒情,风格论上的"温柔敦厚而不愚",创作论上的以学问入诗。而词学里的"醇雅"在功能论上前后有变,前期和诗相同,后期则只是思想上的不淫邪而已;风格论上则强调统一的雅的风格;创作论上则尊重词的音乐性,固守词的音律。其中,功能论上的差异是最根本的区别。

The core theories of ZhuYizun＇s poetry were elegant, but it means differently in ＂shi＂ poetry and in ＂Ci＂ poetry. Generally, ＂elegant＂ in ＂shi＂ poetry meant poems（shi） should about writer＇s ideality and real feelings, should had a style of mild, not caustic, and not stiff＇, and should be written with knowledge. Meanwhile, ＂elegant＂ in Ci poetry meant the same when talking about what should be written by Ci in his prophase, but only meant virgin idea in his anaphase. And ＂elegant＂ of Ci poetry meat Ci should has a uniform style which was＂ elegant＂, and Ci writers should pay more attention to the cadence. The different in functions of ＂shi＂ poem and ＂Ci＂ poem was the most important.