程度副词的不对称性及其认知解释——以极、很、甚为例

Asymmetry of the Degree Adverb and Its Cognitive Explanation

"很"、"极"、"甚"三词在使用上存在着很大的不对称性,主要表现在如下几方面:对VP选择的不对称;充当程度补语的不对称性;有"不很/甚+形"、无"不极+形"、构成双音词的情况不对称等几个方面。"很"、"极"、"甚"三词作为程度副词呈现了明显的共性与个性。对不对称现象的研究,有助于语法差异的揭示和汉语类型学研究。

There is a great deal of asymmetry in the usage of the Chinese characters hen, ji and shen. The important asymmetry aspects are those： the asymmetry on the selection of VP and the asymmetry to be the degree complement. There exists bu, hen/shen ＋adj, but no bu ji＋ adj, forming the asymmetry on the word formation about double syllable words. The three words display obvious commonness and individuality. The study on the asymmetry is useful to the exposure of the differences in grammar and the researches into the Chinese Typology.