寻求“有限”与“有为”的平衡——兼评洛克的宪政思想

To Seek the Balance Between Something-Finite and Something-To-Do --Comment on Rock＇s Thought about Constitutionalism

在市场化的驱逼下，“有所为，有所不为”日渐成为政府改革的基本原则。学界关于政府如何准确定位的研究不在少数，然而大多是将研究重点放在有限政府的构建上，对于如何实现政府的“有为”问题却很少论及。分析洛克关于社会契约和有限政府的基本观念，以宪政基本理论为框架厘清有限政府的内涵，证成有限兼有为政府存在的合理性与可能性，对于促进政府职能有效发挥有很强的现实意义。

China is faced with dilemma in governmental reform at present. Under the pressure of the globalization and marketization,＂to do something so as to do other things well＂ has been the fundamental principles of China＇s governmental reform. Quite some essays concern on governments＇ working aims, but mostly the research put the stress on limited construction of the government, seldom touching the problem of how to realize its functions. The paper, originating in Rock＇s social covenant and the fundamental conception of finite government, based on the frame of fundamental theory of constitutionalism, manages to define the meaning of finite government to elaborate the rationality and the possibility of simultaneous exist ence of finite government and effective government.