美国双重标准的结构变迁及其法理重构

The Structural Change of Double—Standard and Its Legal Theory Reconstruction

美国法院对法律规范性文件实行宽严不同的审查,并发展出了双重标准理论。但近年来双重标准的内容结构正在转向缓和而具有流动性,由此双重标准的正当性必须借助新的法理构成来维护。任何权利都与人格权有着关联,在复杂多样的基本权利限制案中,其合宪性审查标准的界定可以人格权核心法理为依据。

The American courts practice different constitutional reviewing tests,and put forward a dual——standard theory.But the content and structure of the dual——standard are turning to mobility,therefore the legitimacy of the dual—standard calls for a new legal theory to justify.When defining constitutionality of complex cases involving limiting of basic rights,the theory of selfhood freedom's core realm should be used to review the categorized scrutiny standard and adjust the categorized—— scrutiny test by measuring a specific constitutional right in different case.