儿童母语习得与留学生汉语语感培养

Children's First Language Acquisition and Cultivation of Chinese Sense for the Foreign Students

文章借鉴儿童母语发生发展的研究成果,提出母语语感发展的步骤和成熟语感的表现,重点阐述了留学生汉语语感培养的实施策略:感知体验基本构造的本源性语义,确立语感的心理起点;识解汉语规律,确保语意发展的正确性;强化形成句法结构的程序化反应,塑造语感的流畅性;领悟相同相近的词语和句法格式的细微差别,发展语感的精密性;做中学用中学,建构语感的文化意识;发挥内隐学习潜能,实现语感自我完善。

Referring the latest achievements of sprout and growth of children＇s First Language, this paper discusses the steps of developing first language and the performance of adult language, expounds mainly the specific tactics of cultivation of Chinese sense for the foreign students, including establishing psychological origin of language sense by embodying the basic construction, ensuring its cultivation by understanding Chinese＇s law, shaping its fluency by strengthening the routinization of syntactic structure, making it precise by perceiving the difference of words and syntactic structure, cultivating its culture awareness by learning and speaking, realizing its self-improvement by implicit learning.