十八世纪汉学的建构与转型

The Construction and Transformation of Sinology in 18th Century

18世纪汉学的建构,首先是由地处江南一隅的家学传承发展成为学人经学圈,然后由学人经学圈内部或学人经学圈之间的横向、纵向的经学对话活动,并且不断地向外传播和转移其地域位置,促成了区域性经学研究群体互动的态势,从而形成了具有时代特征的汉学研究。不能简单地以传统吴、皖、扬、常的分野来概括18世纪汉学的多元性,汉学只代表了乾隆一朝的学术,而其转型,则早在道咸之先的乾嘉之交已告完成,并且一直影响到近代学术的形成。而18世纪新义理学的内核是经学与诸子学的整合,其学术与义理价值也由此得到张扬和重建。汉学不仅充满了思想活力,而且也标志着18世纪中国哲学的重要转向。

The construction of Sinology in 18th century derived from the family learning of the south area of Yangtze River and Classical circle of scholars among which then formed in virtue of the multiple dialogues with the effect of the constant expansion. It led to the collective interaction of the endemic classical research, which became a prominent character of the Sinology of this period. It points out that Sinology is too simple to be further divided into Wu, Wan, Yang and Chang School in terms of the geography, but had have achieved its transformation before Qianlong and Jiaqing period which had not lost its vitality until modern times. The advocation of the philosophy of principle as order of Sinology in 18th century rooted from the recombination of the Zhuzi thoughts and Classics, through which the value of the learning and theory got developed and reconstructed. The construction of the Sinology in 18th century marked the critical turn of the Chinese thoughts.