旱作条件下披碱草属植物叶的生理生化特征分析

Physiological and biochemical analysis of the leaves of Elymus under dry farming conditions

在无控制的野外旱作条件下,比较了披碱草属6种野生植物在内蒙古干旱与半干旱区生理生化特性,并对同一地区引种的不同种及分布于不同地区的同一种植物进行了对比分析。结果表明,材料XJE1和XJP5能够保持较好的水分状况,具有较高的相对含水量,而GSD4保水能力不及其他几种材料;BJT3和XJP5叶绿素含量较高,而GSD4叶绿素含量较低。渗透调节物质Pro以BJT3、XJP5和GSS2显著高于其他材料,而MDA含量以BJT3相对较高,比XJE1高近3倍;保护酶SOD活性以材料GSD4较高,其次为BJT3,GSS2较低,POD活性以XJP5较高,其次为BJT3,NMN6较低。经隶属函数综合分析发现,披碱草属6种植物中,除GSD4和NMN6之间隶属函数值差异不显著外,其他材料之间都比较显著,其隶属度值由大到小的顺序为XJP5>BJT3>XJE1>GSD4>NMN6>GSS2。并且来自同一地区的披碱草属2种不同植物的生理特征表现一定的趋同,而来自不同地区的同一种植物表现出一定适应性分化。这些结果都表明,植物为了适应不同的生态环境,各种生理生化指标都会进行相应的调节,共同起作用来保护植物免受伤害。

Physiological and biochemical characteristics of the leaves of six Elyrnus species were determined under the natural dry farming conditions of the arid and＇ semi-arid regions of Inner Mongolia, different species from same regions were compared as well as the same species from different regions. There were significant differences in the physiological and biochemical characteristics of different Elymus. The species of XJE1 and XJP5 maintained a good water status and had a high relative water content （RWC）, whereas the RWC of GSD4 was the lowest. BJT3 and XJP5 had a high chlorophyll content, while that of GSD4 was low. The osmotic content of Pro of BJT3, XJP5 and GSS2 was significantly （P〈0.05） higher than that of the other species. The MDA of BJT3 was nearly three times higher than that of XJE1. GSD4 had the most SOD antioxidative enzyme activity, followed by BJT3 and then GSS2. POD activity of XJP5 was high, followed by BJT3, while NMN6 was lower. Multivariate membership function analysis indicated that except for GSD4 and NMN6, there were some significant differences in adaptation to arid and semi-arid environmens of the Elyrnus species. The order of subordinate function values from strong to weak was XJP5〉BJT3〉XJE1〉GSD4〉NMN6〉GSS2. We also found that there were some homologies between different species from the same region. The same species in different regions appeared to be differentiated in their adaptability. These results indicate that the physiological and biochemical indexes were all adapted to different ecological environments.