上海居住区植物群落的降温增湿效应

Effect of Plant Community on Temperature Lowering and Humidity Increasing in Residential Areas of Shanghai

对上海居住区常见的23种植物群落的降温增湿效应进行观测的结果表明,所有植物群落都有降温增湿作用,且群落间降温增湿效应差异较大。各群落的降温增湿效应在13:00—14:00最强,与草坪之间的差异达到最大;在16:00—17:00,各群落间降温增湿效应差异小,18%的植物群落降温效应低于草坪,45%的植物群落增湿效应低于草坪。针叶林、针阔混交林和竹林的降温增湿效应最强,日均降温效应>2.3℃,日均增湿效应>12.4%。

Observation of effects of 23 different types of plant communities commonly found in the residential areas of Shanghai on temperature anti humidity revealed that all plant communities, regardless of type, could lower temperature and increase humidity in the residential areas, hut their effects varied significantly. The effects were the highest and differed the most sharply from that of lawns during 13：00- 14：00, while during 16：00 -17：00, the effects dift〉red slightly. About 18% of the plant communities were lower than lawns in temperature-lowering eftect and about 45% in humidity-increasing effect. Among the types of plant communities, coniferous forest, coniferous-broad-leM mixed torest and bamboo forest were the highest in the two eftects, lowering the temperature by 〉 2.3℃ and increasing the humidity by 12.4% on a daily mean basis.