膝下外侧动脉蒂腓骨头骨骺皮瓣的应用解剖

Applied anatomy of fibular head epiphysis flap pedicled with inferior lateral genicular artery

目的为儿童膝下外侧动脉蒂腓骨头骨骺皮瓣的设计提供应用解剖学基础。方法在22侧经动脉内灌注红色乳胶的2～16岁儿童下肢标本上重点观测膝下外侧动脉的起始、走行、分支、分布和吻合。结果膝下外侧动脉始于腘动脉,起点距腓骨头尖上方(1.6±0.5)cm,起始部外径(1.3±0.4)mm。从起点至第一下行骨膜支距离(2.5±0.6)cm,至第一皮支距离(2.9±0.2)cm。结论膝下外侧动脉可携带腓骨头及相应皮瓣。皮瓣面积最大约为10.0cm×6.0cm。

Objective To provide applied anatomical basis for design of child fibular head epiphysis flap pedicled with inferior lateral genieular artery. Method The origin, course, branches, distribution and anastomosis of inferior lateral genicular artery were observed on 22 specimens of 2-16 year-old child lower limb perfused with red latex. Result The inferior lateral genicular artery originated from popliteal artery （1.6±0.5）cm above the tip level of fibular head, with its diameter of （1.3±0.4）mm. The distance from the starting point of the inferior lateral genieular artery to its first descending periosteal branch was about （2.5±0.6）cm, and （2.9±0.2）cm to its first cutaneous branch as well. Conclusion The inferior lateral genicular artery is feasible to be used as the nutrient vessel of the child fibular head epiphvsis flap. The flap is harvested with anaooroximate area of 10.0em×6.0cm.